What is the typical increase in final approach speed required for a wind speed gusting to 16 knots?

The typical increase in final approach speed for a wind speed gusting to 16 knots is considered to be 4 knots indicated airspeed (KIAS). This standard is based on the general aviation practices that recommend a rule of thumb for gusty wind conditions. The concept behind this adjustment is that gusty winds can cause fluctuations in the aircraft's airspeed and stability during the final approach phase, thus increasing the required airspeed ensures that the aircraft remains controllable and can maintain adequate lift.

In this case, using a 4 KIAS increase helps account for the potential loss of lift and increased turbulence experienced in the gusty environment. It provides a safety margin to handle the variations and ensure a smooth landing, allowing pilots to maintain control of the aircraft in changing wind conditions.

The recommendation is not just a random figure but is derived from collective experience and safety data, making it an essential practice for pilots dealing with wind fluctuations, particularly during critical flight phases like landing.