What happens due to a late or rapid flare landing error?

A late or rapid flare landing error typically leads to a firm touchdown due to higher than normal descent rates. When the pilot either flares too late or does not adequately manage the descent rate during the flare, the aircraft continues to descend at a more aggressive angle than desired. This results in a firmer impact with the runway, often because the aircraft has not had enough time to transition to a level attitude for a smoother landing.

The goal of the flare maneuver is to reduce the descent rate and allow the aircraft to touch down gently on the main gear. However, an inadequate flare may lead to both a harsher touchdown and increased potential for other landing complications, such as bouncing or stressing the landing gear. Understanding the importance of timing and altitude control in the flare phase is crucial for achieving a safe and effective landing.